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Titanium dioxide

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Titanium dioxide is a widely used ingredient in cosmetics, personal care, and skincare formulations. Depending on its function, it may serve as a moisturizer, preservative, emulsifier, or active ingredient to enhance the overall effectiveness and performance of a product.

Titanium dioxide (Wikipedia)

Titanium dioxide, also known as titanium(IV) oxide or titania /taɪˈteɪniə/, is the inorganic compound derived from titanium with the chemical formula TiO
2. When used as a pigment, it is called titanium white, Pigment White 6 (PW6), or CI 77891. It is a white solid that is insoluble in water, although mineral forms can appear black. As a pigment, it has a wide range of applications, including paint, sunscreen, and food coloring. When used as a food coloring, it has E number E171. World production in 2014 exceeded 9 million tonnes. It has been estimated that titanium dioxide is used in two-thirds of all pigments, and pigments based on the oxide have been valued at a price of $13.2 billion.

Titanium dioxide
Titanium(IV) oxide
Titanium(IV) oxide
Unit cell of titanium dioxide (rutile form)
  Titanium   Oxygen
The unit cell of rutile
The unit cell of rutile
Names
IUPAC names
Titanium dioxide
Titanium(IV) oxide
Other names
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.033.327 Edit this at Wikidata
E number E171 (colours)
KEGG
RTECS number
  • XR2775000
UNII
  • InChI=1S/2O.Ti checkY
    Key: GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • InChI=1/2O.Ti/rO2Ti/c1-3-2
    Key: GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-TYTSCOISAW
  • O=[Ti]=O
Properties
TiO
2
Molar mass 79.866 g/mol
Appearance White solid
Odor Odorless
Density
  • 4.23 g/cm3 (rutile)
  • 3.78 g/cm3 (anatase)
Melting point 1,843 °C (3,349 °F; 2,116 K)
Boiling point 2,972 °C (5,382 °F; 3,245 K)
Insoluble
Band gap 3.21 eV (anatase)

3.15 eV (rutile)

+5.9·10−6 cm3/mol
  • 2.488 (anatase)
  • 2.583 (brookite)
  • 2.609 (rutile)
Thermochemistry
50 J·mol−1·K−1
−945 kJ·mol−1
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g. turpentineFlammability 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
1
0
0
Flash point not flammable
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)
 TWA 15 mg/m3
REL (Recommended)
 Ca
IDLH (Immediate danger)
 Ca [5000 mg/m3]
Safety data sheet (SDS) ICSC 0338
Related compounds
Other cations
 Zirconium dioxide
Hafnium dioxide
Titanium(II) oxide
Titanium(III) oxide
Titanium(III,IV) oxide
Related compounds
 Titanic acid
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
checkY verify (what is checkY☒N ?)
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