Parabens is a synthetic preservative widely used in cosmetics, skincare, and pharmaceutical products to prevent the growth of harmful bacteria, mold, and fungi. While parabens are effective in extending the shelf life of products, they have been subject to scrutiny due to concerns over their potential impact on hormone function, as some studies suggest they may mimic estrogen in the body. As a result, many brands have opted for paraben-free formulations, replacing them with alternative preservatives such as phenoxyethanol or ethylhexylglycerin.
Parabens are chemical compounds that are commonly used as preservatives in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. Chemically, they are a series of parahydroxybenzoates or esters of parahydroxybenzoic acid (also known as 4-hydroxybenzoic acid). Research is being conducted to evaluate the potential health implications of paraben usage.

(a para-hydroxybenzoate)
where R = an alkyl group