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Glyceryl stearate

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Glyceryl stearate is a widely used ingredient in cosmetics, personal care, and skincare formulations. Depending on its function, it may serve as a moisturizer, preservative, emulsifier, or active ingredient to enhance the overall effectiveness and performance of a product.

Glyceryl stearate (Wikipedia)
Not to be confused with glycol monostearate.

Glycerol monostearate, commonly known as GMS, is a monoglyceride commonly used as an emulsifier in foods. It takes the form of a white, odorless, and sweet-tasting flaky powder that is hygroscopic. Chemically it is the glycerol ester of stearic acid. It is also used as hydration powder in exercise formulas.

Glycerol monostearate
Structural formula of 1-glycerol monostearate
1-glycerol monostearate (1-isomer)
2-glycerol monostearate (2-isomer)
3D model (1-isomer)
Names
IUPAC name
2,3-Dihydroxypropyl octadecanoate
Other names
Glyceryl monostearate
Glycerin monostearate
Monostearin
GMS
Identifiers
  • Compounds
  • (Mix): Mixture of 1- and 2- isomers
  • (1-): 1-glycerol monostearate
  • (2-): 2-glycerol monostearate
3D model (JSmol)
Abbreviations GMS
ChEMBL
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.046.081 Edit this at Wikidata
KEGG
UNII
  • (Mix): InChI=1/C21H42O4/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-21(24)25-19-20(23)18-22/h20,22-23H,2-19H2,1H3
    Key: VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYAT
  • (1-): InChI=1S/C21H42O4/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-21(24)25-19-20(23)18-22/h20,22-23H,2-19H2,1H3 checkY
    Key: VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N checkY
  • (Mix): O=C(OCC(O)CO)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC
Properties
C21H42O4
Molar mass 358.563 g·mol−1
Appearance White solid
Density 1.03 g/cm3
Melting point (Mix) 57–65 °C (135–149 °F)

(1-) 81 °C (178 °F)
(2-) 73–74 °C (163–165 °F)

Insoluble
Hazards
NFPA 704 (fire diamond)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondHealth 0: Exposure under fire conditions would offer no hazard beyond that of ordinary combustible material. E.g. sodium chlorideFlammability 1: Must be pre-heated before ignition can occur. Flash point over 93 °C (200 °F). E.g. canola oilInstability 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g. liquid nitrogenSpecial hazards (white): no code
0
1
0
Flash point 230 °C (446 °F) (open cup)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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