Fluoride
Fluoride is a widely used ingredient in cosmetics, personal care, and skincare formulations. Depending on its function, it may serve as a moisturizer, preservative, emulsifier, or active ingredient to enhance the overall effectiveness and performance of a product.
Fluoride (/ˈflʊəraɪd, ˈflɔːr-/) is an inorganic, monatomic anion of fluorine, with the chemical formula F−
(also written [F]−
), whose salts are typically white or colorless. Fluoride salts typically have distinctive bitter tastes, and are odorless. Its salts and minerals are important chemical reagents and industrial chemicals, mainly used in the production of hydrogen fluoride for fluorocarbons. Fluoride is classified as a weak base since it only partially associates in solution, but concentrated fluoride is corrosive and can attack the skin.
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| Names | |||
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| IUPAC name
Fluoride
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| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChEBI | |||
| ChEMBL | |||
| ChemSpider | |||
| 14905 | |||
| KEGG | |||
| MeSH | Fluoride | ||
PubChem CID
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| UNII | |||
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| Properties | |||
| F− | |||
| Molar mass | 18.998403163 g·mol−1 | ||
| Conjugate acid | Hydrogen fluoride | ||
| Thermochemistry | |||
Std molar
entropy (S⦵298) |
145.58 J/mol K (gaseous) | ||
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−333 kJ mol−1 | ||
| Related compounds | |||
Other anions
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Fluoride is the simplest fluorine anion. In terms of charge and size, the fluoride ion resembles the hydroxide ion. Fluoride ions occur on Earth in several minerals, particularly fluorite, but are present only in trace quantities in bodies of water in nature.
