Alumina
Alumina is a widely used ingredient in cosmetics, personal care, and skincare formulations. Depending on its function, it may serve as a moisturizer, preservative, emulsifier, or active ingredient to enhance the overall effectiveness and performance of a product.
Aluminium oxide (or aluminium(III) oxide) is a chemical compound of aluminium and oxygen with the chemical formula Al2O3. It is the most commonly occurring of several aluminium oxides, and specifically identified as aluminium oxide. It is commonly called alumina and may also be called aloxide, aloxite, or alundum in various forms and applications. It occurs naturally in its crystalline polymorphic phase α-Al2O3 as the mineral corundum, varieties of which form the precious gemstones ruby and sapphire. Al2O3 is used to produce aluminium metal, as an abrasive owing to its hardness, and as a refractory material owing to its high melting point.
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| Names | |
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| IUPAC name
Aluminium oxide
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| Systematic IUPAC name
Aluminium(III) oxide | |
| Other names
Dialuminium trioxide
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| DrugBank | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.014.265 |
| EC Number |
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PubChem CID
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| Al2O3 | |
| Molar mass | 101.960 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | white solid |
| Odor | odorless |
| Density | 3.987 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 2,072 °C (3,762 °F; 2,345 K) |
| Boiling point | 2,977 °C (5,391 °F; 3,250 K) |
| insoluble | |
| Solubility | insoluble in all solvents |
| log P | 0.31860 |
| −37.0×10−6 cm3/mol | |
| Thermal conductivity | 30 W·m−1·K−1 |
Refractive index (nD)
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nω = 1.768–1.772 nε = 1.760–1.763 Birefringence 0.008 |
| Structure | |
| Trigonal, hR30 | |
| R3c (No. 167) | |
a = 478.5 pm, c = 1299.1 pm
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| octahedral | |
| Thermochemistry | |
Std molar
entropy (S⦵298) |
50.92 J·mol−1·K−1 |
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−1675.7 kJ/mol |
| Pharmacology | |
| D10AX04 (WHO) | |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
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| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Flash point | Non-flammable |
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible)
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OSHA 15 mg/m3 (total dust) OSHA 5 mg/m3 (respirable fraction) ACGIH/TLV 10 mg/m3 |
REL (Recommended)
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none |
IDLH (Immediate danger)
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N.D. |
| Related compounds | |
Other anions
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aluminium hydroxide aluminium sulfide aluminium selenide |
Other cations
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boron trioxide gallium(III) oxide indium oxide thallium(III) oxide |
| Supplementary data page | |
| Aluminium oxide (data page) | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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